Manuscript Title:

INVESTIGATING THE DROUGHT MITIGATING EFFECT OF FARMYARD MANURE IN WHEAT

Author:

MUHAMMAD ASGHAR SHAHID, MUHAMMAD AOWN SAMMAR RAZA, RASHID IQBAL, MUHAMMAD USMAN ASLAM, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD AZHER FAREED, MUHAMMAD ARIF IBRHIM, MUHAMMAD ARSHAD JAVED

DOI Number:

DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/PKT74

Published : 2023-03-10

About the author(s)

1. MUHAMMAD ASGHAR SHAHID - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
2. MUHAMMAD AOWN SAMMAR RAZA - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
3. RASHID IQBAL - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
4. MUHAMMAD USMAN ASLAM - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
5. HAFIZ MUHAMMAD AZHER FAREED - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
6. MUHAMMAD ARIF IBRHIM - Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
7. MUHAMMAD ARSHAD JAVED - Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan.

Full Text : PDF

Abstract

Wheat is the staple cereal crop of Pakistan. Water deficit is among the leading threats to sustainable crop production under the demanding situations of increased food supply at a rapid rate to meet basic survival requirements. Furthermore, soil amendments that synergistically impact soil and crop must be applied under this `challenging scenario. Farmyard Manure is considered an important source capable of holding water for longer periods, even in soils with poor texture and structure. To assess the impact of FYM on Wheat crop under drought conditions, an experiment was performed in the wirehouse of the Agronomy Department, IUB. CRD with 4 treatments of FYM, T0= Control (N0 FYM), T1= FYM @ 15 t/ha, T2 = FYM @ 20t/ha, T3= FYM @ 25t/ha and 4 drought levels D0=Control (Normal Irrigation), D1= Drought at Tillering, D2= Drought at Flowering and D3= Drought at grain Filling was used. Analysis of growth, yield, physiological and biochemical attributes was carried out by following standard protocols. Experimental data under statistical analysis showed that each treatment of Farmyard Manure and drought had a significantly fluctuating impact on wheat crop. However, among FYM treatments, T2= FYM @ 20 t/ha showed a 28% increase in POD, 15% in SOD, 60% in CAT, 18% in APX, 7% in Plant height and 7% lift in 1000-grain weight as compared to other FYM treatments whereas, among drought treatments, D0=Control (Normal Irrigation) stands best as compare to H2O scarcity at critical growth and development stages, statistically analyzed data revealed that D0=Control (Normal Irrigation)showed 11% increase in Plant height, 13% in the number of grains per spike, 5% in Osmotic potential, 3% in Stomatal conductance activities of wheat crop. D3= Drought at grain Filling and T0= Control (NO FYM) were identified as treatment levels with statistically lowest results, respectively.


Keywords

Farmyard Manure, Drought, Wheat, Critical Stages, Yield.