Background: The case detection rate (CDR) of TB cases was predicted to exceed 70 percent in 2020, while the success rate (SR) of TB treatment was above 85 percent. Pulmonary tuberculosis can also cause disruption to vitality of life, a person's social functioning, emotional state, and mental health in general. Stress and anxiety may have a significant effect on the self-concept and self-acceptance of pulmonary TB patients, which directly correlate with their happiness, well-being and life satisfaction. This study used a family approach by assessing family resilience as a moderating variable of family stress on pulmonary TB treatment compliance. It is hoped that the family is able to independently carry out the function of health care with the final outcome of the compliance of family members with pulmonary TB with their treatment program. Materials and Methods: The population in this study was families whose family members were diagnosed as pulmonary TB patients during the data collection period in the health center working area in Surabaya City. Samples were taken from some families who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The method used in this research as Moderating Structural Equation Modeling using smart Partial Least Square (PLS). Results: The results of the study using the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach indicate that the moderating variable (family resilience) on family stress on the medication compliance of pulmonary TB patients is a fit model based on the criteria for the value of R2 , Q2 . Family resilience as a variable that moderates family stress has an effect that strengthens compliance to medication for patients with pulmonary TB. Individual Factors of Pulmonary TB Patients, Treatment Category Factors, Family Factors, Social Factors, Family Stressor Factors, Individual Stress Factors, Individual Belief Factors, Family Stress Factors, and Moderating Family Resilience on Family Stress provide a relevant prediction that very accurate on treatment compliance of patients with pulmonary TB by 90.7 percent. The dominant factor influencing medication compliance of pulmonary TB patients is the moderating factor of Family Resilience on Family Stress. Furthermore, for family stress and Individual Belief, the dominant factor was Individual Stress. While Individual Stress is significantly influenced by individual factors of pulmonary TB patients. Conclusions: Family resilience as a variable that moderates family stress has an effect that strengthens compliance to medication for patients with pulmonary TB. Individual Factors of Pulmonary TB Patients, Treatment Category Factors, Family Factors, Social Factors, Family Stressor Factors, Individual Stress Factors, Individual Belief Factors, Family Stress Factors, and Moderating Family Resilience on Family Stress provide a relevant prediction that very accurate on treatment compliance of patients with pulmonary TB. The dominant factor influencing medication compliance of pulmonary TB patients is the moderating factor of Family Resilience on Family Stress. Furthermore, for family stress and Individual Belief, the dominant factor was Individual Stress. While Individual Stress is significantly influenced by individual factors of pulmonary TB patients.