1. AIMEN SHABBIR - Currently Pursuing PhD Degree, Program in Food Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF),
Pakistan.
2. Dr. TAHIR ZAHOOR - Professor, Ex Director, National institute of Food Science and Nutrition (NIFSAT), University of Agriculture
Faisalabad (UAF), Pakistan.
3. Dr. SYED QAMAR ABBAS - National Institute of Food Science and Nutrition (NIFSAT), University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF),
Pakistan.
4. Dr. MUHAMMAD ASGHAR - Professor, Department of Biotechnology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Pakistan.
Childhood malnutrition is a household issue and urgent health challenge particularly after COVID crisis in underdeveloped countries including Pakistan. To address this challenge, present research is designed to evaluate the effect of optimized ratio of cereals (wheat, rice) and legume (chickpea) blended with Moringa oleifera leaves (MOLs) powder. The prepared weaning formula was analyzed for its nutritional parameters. The formula contained 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15% MOLs powder and limited up to 15% after many trails. It is noted that supplemented weaning formula is the nutritious source of macro and micro-minerals with significantly (P≥0.05) increasing trend up to 15% supplementation. The phytochemicals as total flavonoid contents (TFC) (57.79±0.94 mg/100g), total phenolic content (TPC) (542.83±1.00 mg/100g) and antioxidants (56.52±0.45%) also followed the same trend. According to sensory point of view prepared weaning formula with 12% Moringa oleifera leaves powder supplementation gain more acceptability due to its taste and color, afterward it was not acceptable. In this study, it was concluded that functional properties of the product remained consistent with the addition MOLs powder. Furthermore in physiochemical properties it was observed that bulk density was significantly decreased (P≤0.05) with the addition of MOLs powder (0.71±0.01 to 0.65±0.04 g/mL), reconstitute index increased (4.23±0.25 to 5.23±0.25 mL) and viscosity was decreased (1.46±0.41 to 1.19±0.01 Pa.s). The prepared weaning formula could be very effective in combating nutritional deficiencies in malnourished children especially after COVID crisis. According to WHO/ FAO nutritional standards the 12% of MOLs powder is more than enough to overcome the recommended daily allowance of children.
Moringa Oleifera, Cereals, Legume, Micro-Nutrients, Macro-Nutrients, TPC, TFC, Malnutrition, Weaning Formula.