Manuscript Title:

THE EVOLUTION OF NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY STRATEGIES (NCSS): A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF PROGRESS, OBSTACLES, AND TRENDS

Author:

MOHAMMED ATOUM, WAHEEB ABU-ULBEH, MAMOUN ABU HELOU, NASHAT ALREFAI, ABDULLAH MAHMMOUD, HANI IWIDAT , YOUSEF A. BAKER EL-EBIARY

DOI Number:

DOI:10.5281/zenodo.15845018

Published : 2025-07-10

About the author(s)

1. MOHAMMED ATOUM - Department of Computer Science, University of Jordan.
2. WAHEEB ABU-ULBEH - Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Informatics, Al-Istiqlal University, Jericho, 10, Palestine.
3. MAMOUN ABU HELOU - Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Informatics, Al-Istiqlal University, Jericho, 10, Palestine.
4. NASHAT ALREFAI - Department of Mathematics, College of Science, & Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
5. ABDULLAH MAHMMOUD - Faculty of Arts and Educational Sciences, Palestine Technical University-Kadoorie, Tulkarm, Palestine.
6. HANI IWIDAT - Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Informatics, Al-Istiqlal University, Jericho, 10, Palestine.
7. YOUSEF A. BAKER EL-EBIARY - Faculty of Informatics and Computing, UniSZA, Malaysia.

Full Text : PDF

Abstract

The rapid global expansion of the Internet has made cybersecurity a critical priority, particularly for Arab nations facing evolving digital threats. Effective National Cybersecurity Strategies (NCSS) are essential to mitigate risks, safeguard institutions, and maintain public trust. This study conducts a comparative analysis of NCSS frameworks across Arab states, evaluating their strategic objectives, preparedness levels, implementation challenges, and capability gaps. Using a descriptive methodology, the paper systematically examines each nation's approach to cybersecurity governance, historical policy development, and current defensive measures. The analysis identifies key areas for regional alignment and proposes a unified strategic vision to strengthen cyber resilience. Findings emphasize the need for coordinated policy upgrades, sustainable implementation roadmaps, and cross-border collaboration to enhance collective security in the Arab world.


Keywords

Cyberspace; Cybersecurity; Cyber-Attack; National Cybersecurity Strategy (NCSS).