This study presents a systematic review of how managerial accounting has evolved into a strategic driver of sustainability within global supply chains. Traditionally focused on cost control, managerial accounting is increasingly aligned with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) imperatives, integrated reporting, and circular economy objectives. Through a hybrid methodology combining bibliometric mapping and systematic literature review, the study analyzes Scopus-indexed publications from 2018 to 2025, applying co-word analysis, thematic clustering, and co-citation mapping. The findings reveal a clear shift from transactional efficiency toward multi-capital value creation, as accounting systems integrate non-financial performance indicators, digital infrastructure, and stakeholder-centric governance models. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and real-time analytics further enable this transition, embedding managerial accounting within dynamic ESG monitoring and sustainability governance frameworks. The literature also reflects a growing emphasis on resilience, adaptive capacity, and long-term performance alignment across global supply networks. By synthesizing these developments, the study repositions managerial accounting as a forward-looking infrastructure for sustainable supply chain strategy moving beyond its traditional role as a reporting function. A future research agenda is proposed to address remaining theoretical gaps and strengthen the integration of sustainability metrics, digital innovation, and managerial decision-making across interconnected supply ecosystems.