1. HUDA MAHDI ALANIZI - Dental Assistant, National Guard Hospital.
2. MAHA JARYED AL SHAMMARI - Dental Assistant, National Guard Hospital.
3. FAHAD ABDULAZIZ ALTHEYAB - Medical Laboratories, National Guard Hospital.
4. HMAD HLIAL ALANAZI - Pharmacy Department, First Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
5. RAHAF NAWAF ALENAZI - Bachelor Degree of General Nursing, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
6. RAWAN SALEH HUSAIN - Associate Consultant, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Hospital, Ngha, Dammam.
7. AHMED ABDULLAH ALKHAWAJAH - Paramedic, Emergency Medical Services, Eastern Region- Alahsa, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard.
8. HANA ABBAS ALSAADOUN - Dental Assistant, National Guard Hospital.
9. MADA AWADH ALANIZI - Advanced General Dentistry, National Guard Hospital.
10. DALIA KHALAF ALMATRAFI - Nursing, National Guard Hospital.
11. NAWAF MAJED S ALTHAGAFI - Technician-Radiological Technology, National Guard Hospital.
12. ABRAR AHMAD ALAMMRY - Patient Care Technician, National Guard Hospital.
Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) depends on consistent healthcare worker (HCW)
adherence to core practices. Suboptimal compliance contributes to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)
and avoidable harm. Methods: A PRISMA-aligned systematic review was conducted using PubMed
Central to identify hospital-based original research evaluating IPC compliance, determinants of compliance,
interventions to improve compliance, or patient outcomes. Eligible designs included randomized and
nonrandomized interventional studies and observational studies among hospital HCWs. Ten original
studies were included for Results, and nine additional PMC articles were used to frame the Introduction
and Discussion. Results: Ten original studies (multi-country; ICUs and general wards) addressed hand
hygiene and, or standard precautions. Interventional studies consistently improved hand hygiene
compliance, with examples including increases from 50.17% to 71.75% alongside reduced HAI and CAUTI
rates in a Saudi university hospital, 30.9% to 69.5% after an ICU educational program in Egypt, and 32.1%
to 39.4% after a multimodal program in Tunisia. Determinants of compliance were repeatedly linked to
training, resource availability, workload, time pressure, safety climate, and monitoring, feedback.
Conclusion: IPC compliance among hospital HCWs is modifiable. Multimodal interventions improve
compliance and can translate to better patient outcomes when coupled with surveillance and leadership
accountability.
Infection Prevention And Control; Hand Hygiene; Standard Precautions; Compliance; Adherence; Healthcare Workers; Hospital-Acquired Infection; Multimodal Intervention