1. ASHRAF O. KHASHROUM - Department of Plant Production and Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Science, Jerash University,
Jordan.
2. YOUSEF AL OMARI - Department of Agricultural Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Jordan.
3. AHMAD ABO DALO - Department of Agricultural Research, National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Jordan.
4. ANGHAM AYAD KAMALUDDIN AL-ALOOSI - Department of Horticulture and Landscape, College of Agriculture, Tikrit University, Iraq.
5. KHALED A. AL-NAJJAR - General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, GCSAR, Damascus 12573, Syria.
This study investigates the growth and floral performance of three Lilium cultivars (Lilium candidum, Lilium martagon, and Lilium lancifolium) under four irrigation regimes corresponding to 60%, 80%, 100%, and 120% of crop evapotranspiration, using treated wastewater as the irrigation source. The experiment, conducted under controlled greenhouse conditions, assesses various vegetative and floral traits, including flower number, flower diameter, stem diameter, flower stalk length, fresh weight, and stem length. The results reveal that cultivar identity significantly influences all evaluated parameters, while irrigation levels have a marked effect on stem diameter, flower stalk length, fresh biomass, and stem length. Differential responses to irrigation treatments are observed among cultivars, indicating species-specific sensitivity to water availability. Overall, higher irrigation levels tend to enhance both vegetative growth and floral attributes; however, notable variations in water use efficiency are detected among the cultivars. These findings underscore the importance of appropriate cultivar selection and precise irrigation management to improve production quality and promote sustainable water use in horticultural practices.
Growth, Floral, Interspecific Variation, Irrigation Strategy, Alternative Water.